Thermodynamic Properties of Exotic States of Matter in Extreme Conditions
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.36676/mdjp.v1.i2.8Keywords:
Thermodynamic, Properties, Exotic, ConditionsAbstract
The study of thermodynamic properties of exotic states of matter under extreme conditions has significant implications for both fundamental physics and practical applications. This research explores the behavior of matter in states such as quark-gluon plasma (QGP), Bose-Einstein condensates (BECs), and neutron-degenerate matter found in neutron stars. These states emerge under conditions of extreme temperature, pressure, and magnetic fields. For QGP, formed at temperatures exceeding 2 trillion Kelvin in heavy-ion collisions, properties like energy density, viscosity, and the equation of state (EoS) are crucial for understanding its near-perfect fluid behavior. BECs, occurring near absolute zero, exhibit unique thermodynamic properties, including a sharp specific heat peak at the transition temperature. Neutron-degenerate matter in neutron stars features extremely high densities and pressures, with a significant impact from strong magnetic fields, influencing properties such as magnetization and thermal conductivity. Experimental techniques such as collider experiments for QGP, laser cooling for BECs, and astronomical observations of neutron stars, alongside theoretical models and lattice QCD simulations, are vital for studying these states.
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